Pengertian dan Tujuan Teks Narasi

Narrative text is a text that connects a series of events in chronological order and contains a fictional story.

Teks Narrative adalah teks yang menghubungkan rangkaian kejadian sesuai urutan waktu dan berisi tentang cerita fiksi.

The purpose of narrative text is to entertain the reader and tell a story that happened in the past. There are several types of narrative texts, including: legend, fairy tale, fable, a journey or a voyage, folk tales. However, in this discussion we focus on legend stories.

Tujuan teks Narrative adalah untuk menghibur pembaca dan menceritakan kisah yang terjadi di masa lampau. Ada beberapa jenis teks Narrative antara lain: legend, fairy tale, fable, a journey or a voyage, folk tales. Namun, pada pembahasan ini difokuskan pada cerita legenda.

Struktur Teks Narasi

Structure of Narrative Text

1. Orientation
Orientation is the opening paragraph of the text that introduces the characters involved in the incident (who) and the time (when) and place (where). This orientation is located in the first paragraph of narrative text.

2. Complication
Complication consists of paragraphs that explain the beginning of the problem. The beginning of this problem also begins a sequence of plots (storylines) that will lead to the story’s conflict, climax, and anti-climax.

There are 3 types of conflict that may occur in the complication, namely natural conflict, social conflict, and psychological conflict. As the name implies, natural conflict is problem between actors and nature, social conflict is a problem between characters, while psychological conflict is a problem between the character and himself.

3. Resolution
In this section, there is a settlement that makes the storyline end. Every problem that arises must have a solution, it can be closed with a happy ending or tragic or sad ending.

4. Reorientation (Optional)
Reorientation is a closing sentence that tells the last condition of the character in the story or the moral message of the story. This section is optional.

Struktur teks

Orientation
Orientation adalah paragraf pembuka teks yang memperkenalkan karakter yang terlibat dalam kejadian (who), waktu (when), dan tempat (where). Orientation ini terletak pada paragraf pertama teks naratif.

Complication
Complication terdiri dari paragraf yang menjelaskan awal dari masalah. Awal dari masalah ini juga dimulai dengan urutan plot (storylines) yang akan mengarah pada konflik cerita, klimaks, dan anti-klimaks. Ada 3 jenis konflik yang mungkin terjadi dalam komplikasi, yaitu natural conflict, social conflict, and psychological conflict..

Sesuai dengan namanya, natural conflict adalah masalah antara aktor dan alam, social conflict adalah masalah antar karakter, sedangkan psychological conflict adalah masalah antara karakter dan dirinya sendiri.

Resolution
Pada bagian ini terdapat penyelesaian yang membuat jalan cerita berakhir. Setiap masalah yang muncul pasti ada solusinya, bisa ditutup dengan menyenangkan (happy ending) atau menyedihkan (sad ending).

Reorientation (Optional)
Reorientasi adalah kalimat penutup yang menceritakan kondisi terakhir tokoh dalam cerita atau pesan moral dari cerita tersebut. Bagian ini opsional.

Kaidah Kebahasaan Teks Narasi

Language Features
● Simple Past tense
● Noun phrase
● Time connectives and conjunctions seperti: however, although, later, then.
● Adverbs and adverbial phrases explain the place and time of the incident such as once upon a time, long time ago.
● Action verbs, a verb that describes an action: stood, explained, smashed.
● Saying and thinking verbs show what the character felt/thought/said such as: told, realized, decided

Unsur kebahasaan
● Simple Past tense
● Noun phrase
● Time connectives dan conjunctions seperti: however, although, later, then.
● Adverbs and adverbial phrases menerangkan tempat dan waktu kejadian seperti once upon a time, long time ago.
● Action verbs (kata kerja aksi) menunjukkan satu aksi seperti: stood, explained, smashed.
● Saying and thinking verbs menunjukkan apa yang dirasakan/dipikirkan/dikatakan si karakter seperti: told, realized, decided

Contoh Teks Narasi Strong Wind

Orientation

In the shores of a wide bay on the Atlantic coast of what is now called Canada there dwelt in old times a great Native American warrior known for his wondrous deeds. He had a very wonderful and strange power – he could make himself invisible. In this way he could mingle unseen with his enemies and listen to their plots. He was known among the people as Strong Wind, the Invisible.

Complication

Strong Wind dwelt with his sister in a tent near the sea, and his sister helped him greatly in his work. Many maidens would have been glad to marry him, and he was much sought after because of his mighty deeds. It was known that Strong Wind would marry the first maiden who could see him as he came home at night. Many made the trial, but it was a long time before one succeeded.

Strong Wind used a clever trick to test the truthfulness of all who sought to win him. Each evening as the sun went down, his sister walked on the beach with any girl who wished to make the trial. His sister could always see Strong Wind, but no one else could because he made himself invisible to all but her. And as he came home from work, his sister would see him drawing near, and she would ask the girl who sought him, “Do you see him? Do you see my brother?” And each girl could not see him but wanted to win the hand of Strong Wind, and so would falsely answer, “Yes.”

His sister would then ask, “With what does he draw his sled?” And each girl would answer, “With the hide of a moose,” or “With a pole,” or “With a great cord.” And then his sister would know that they all had lied, and their answers were mere guesses.

Many tried and lied and failed, for Strong Wind would not marry anyone who was untruthful. There lived in the village a great chief who had three daughters. Their mother had long been dead. One of these was much younger than the others. She was very beautiful and gentle and well beloved by all, and for that reason her older sisters were very jealous of her charms and treated her cruelly.

They clothed her in rags so she would look ugly, and they cut off her long black hair, and they burned her face with coals from the fire so that her skin would become scarred and disfigured. And they lied to their father, the chief, telling him that she had done these things to herself. But the young girl was patient and kept her gentle heart and went about her work. Like other girls, the chief’s two eldest daughters wanted to marry Strong Wind.

One evening, as the sun went down, the oldest daughter walked on the shore with Strong Wind’s sister and waited for his coming. Soon he came home from his day’s work, drawing his sled. His sister asked as usual, “Do you see him? Do you see my brother?” And the oldest daughter, lying, answered, “Yes.” And she asked, “Of what is his shoulder strap made?” The girl, guessing, said, “Of rawhide.” And Strong Wind knew that the oldest daughter had lied, and he kept himself from her sight, and she went home dismayed.

The second daughter, too, tried to win Strong Wind. She walked along the shore with Strong Wind’s sister, and when the sister asked her if she saw Strong Wind she, too, lied, saying, “Yes”. When she was asked of what his shoulder strap was made, she guessed, “Of woven grasses.” And so she was also denied by Strong Wind.

One day the chief’s youngest daughter with her rags and her burnt face resolved to seek Strong Wind. She patched her clothes with bits of birch bark from the trees as best she could, and put on the few little ornaments she possessed, and went forth to try to see the Invisible One as all the other girls of the village had done before. Her sisters laughed at her and called her a fool. As she passed along the road, all the people laughed because of her tattered frock and her burnt face, but silently she went her way.

Strong Wind’s sister received the girl kindly, and at twilight she took her to the beach. Soon Strong Wind came home drawing his sled, though none could see him but his sister. And his sister asked, “Do you see him?” The girl could not, and she answered, “No.”

His sister wondered greatly because she was the first one who had spoken the truth. She asked, “Do you see him now?” And the girl answered, “Yes, and he is very wonderful.” Then the sister asked, “With what does he draw his sled?” The girl answered, “With the Rainbow,” and she was much afraid. And the sister asked further, “Of what is his bowstring?” And the girl answered, “His bowstring is the Milky Way.”

Then Strong Wind’s sister knew that because the girl had spoken the truth, her brother had made himself visible to her. She said, “Truly, you have seen him.” And she took the girl home and bathed her, and all the scars disappeared from her face and body; and her hair grew long and black again like the raven’s wing; and she gave her fine clothes to wear and many rich ornaments. Then she bade her to take the wife’s seat in the tent. Soon Strong Wind entered and sat beside her, and called her his bride.

Resolution

The very next day she became his wife. Ever afterwards she helped him to do great deeds. The girl’s two elder sisters were very cross and they wondered greatly at what had taken place. But Strong Wind, who knew of their cruelty, resolved to punish them. Using his great power, he changed them both into aspen trees and rooted them

into the earth. Since that day the leaves of the aspen have always trembled, and they shiver in fear at the approach of Strong Wind, it matters not how softly he comes, for they are still mindful of his great power and anger because of their lies and their cruelty to their sister long ago.

Usai menyimak pemaparan diatas, kini kamu makin mahir menguasai seputar teks narasi Strong Wind. Penasaran, kan untuk mengetahui seberapa jauh pemahaman materi yang kamu miliki? Yuk kerjakan TEMU (Tes Kemampuan Kamu) di Kelas BESTIE , ya!

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