Pengertian dan Tujuan Teks Narasi

Narrative text is a text that connects a series of events in chronological order and contains a fictional story.

Teks Narrative adalah teks yang menghubungkan rangkaian kejadian sesuai urutan waktu dan berisi tentang cerita fiksi.

The purpose of narrative text is to entertain the reader and tell a story that happened in the past. There are several types of narrative texts, including: legend, fairy tale, fable, a journey or a voyage, folk tales. However, in this discussion we focus on legend stories.

Tujuan teks Narrative adalah untuk menghibur pembaca dan menceritakan kisah yang terjadi di masa lampau. Ada beberapa jenis teks Narrative antara lain: legend, fairy tale, fable, a journey or a voyage, folk tales. Namun, pada pembahasan ini difokuskan pada cerita legenda.

Struktur Teks Narasi

1. Orientation
Orientation is the opening paragraph of the text that introduces the characters involved in the incident (who) and the time (when) and place (where). This orientation is located in the first paragraph of narrative text.

2. Complication
Complication consists of paragraphs that explain the beginning of the problem. The beginning of this problem also begins a sequence of plots (storylines) that will lead to the story’s conflict, climax, and anti-climax.

There are 3 types of conflict that may occur in the complication, namely natural conflict, social conflict, and psychological conflict. As the name implies, natural conflict is a problem between actors and nature, social conflict is a problem between characters, while psychological conflict is a problem between the character and himself.

3. Resolution
In this section, there is a settlement that makes the storyline end. Every problem that arises must have a solution, it can be closed with a happy ending or tragic or sad ending.

4. Reorientation (Optional)
Reorientation is a closing sentence that tells the last condition of the character in the story or the moral message of the story. This section is optional.

Struktur teks

1. Orientation
Orientation adalah paragraf pembuka teks yang memperkenalkan karakter yang terlibat dalam kejadian (who), waktu (when), dan tempat (where). Orientation ini terletak pada paragraf pertama teks naratif.

2. Complication
Complication terdiri dari paragraf yang menjelaskan awal dari masalah. Awal dari masalah ini juga dimulai dengan urutan plot (storylines) yang akan mengarah pada konflik cerita, klimaks, dan anti-klimaks.

Ada 3 jenis konflik yang mungkin terjadi dalam komplikasi, yaitu natural conflict, social conflict, and psychological conflict..

Sesuai dengan namanya, natural conflict adalah masalah antara aktor dan alam, social conflict adalah masalah antar karakter, sedangkan psychological conflict adalah masalah antara karakter dan dirinya sendiri.

3. Resolution
Pada bagian ini terdapat penyelesaian yang membuat jalan cerita berakhir. Setiap masalah yang muncul pasti ada solusinya, bisa ditutup dengan menyenangkan (happy ending) atau menyedihkan (sad ending).

4. Reorientation (Optional)
Reorientasi adalah kalimat penutup yang menceritakan kondisi terakhir tokoh dalam cerita atau pesan moral dari cerita tersebut. Bagian ini opsional.

Unsur Kebahasaan Teks Narasi

Language Features:

● Simple Past tense
● Noun phrase
● Time connectives and conjunctions seperti: however, although, later, then.
● Adverbs and adverbial phrases explain the place and time of the incident such as once upon a time, long time ago.
● Action verbs, a verb that describes an action: stood, explained, smashed.
● Saying and thinking verbs show what the character felt/thought/said such as: told, realized, decided

Unsur kebahasaan
● Simple Past tense
● Noun phrase
● Time connectives dan conjunctions seperti: however, although, later, then.
● Adverbs and adverbial phrases menerangkan tempat dan waktu kejadian seperti once upon a time, long time ago.
● Action verbs (kata kerja aksi) menunjukkan satu aksi seperti: stood, explained, smashed.
● Saying and thinking verbs menunjukkan apa yang dirasakan/dipikirkan/dikatakan si karakter seperti: told, realized, decided

Teks Narasi Malin Kundang

Orientation

Once upon a time, in a seaside village in Padang, West Sumatra lived a widow called Mande Rubayah with her only son, Malin Kundang. Mande Rubayah loved her son so much, she gave everything Malin wanted. It turned Malin Kundang into a spoiled child. One day, Malin Kundang suffered a severe sickness, and his mother gave every cent of her life savings to cure his illness.

Complication

Days, months, and years passed by, Malin Kundang turned adult and his mother an old woman. Malin Kundang asked his mother to let him hitch a docked ship nearby and wander to the big cities to get better fortunes for the family. Mande denied his request and asked Malin to stay and take care of his mother instead.

“Mother, this is a once in a lifetime opportunity for me. Not every year a ship this large docks here. I want to take this opportunity to change our fate, please let me go,” Malin pleaded his mother. With a sad heart, Mande finally accepted his plea. “Please be back soon, my child. I will be waiting for you here,” Mande cried.

Days by days passed slowly while waiting for Malin. She prayed every single day for Malin to go home safely. To every ship’s crew and captains, she asked for Malin’s whereabouts and did not get a single answer nor message for her. Many years full of waiting passed and Mande Rubayah grew older and weaker, while she heard the news from a ship captain nearby that Malin married a noble and rich woman from a big city.

“Mande, do you know that your son is now married to a beautiful woman, a daughter of a very rich noble,” said the captain. “Malin, my son. Please go home soon, I am already old and weak. Please be home soon,” his mother prayed every single day to meet her long-awaited son.

Months later, another large ship docked near the village. It was the most luxurious and beautiful ship Mande had ever seen. A pair of rich couples walked off the ship with lustrous and gold-embroidered attires. Mande immediately recognized the couple, rushed through the crowds, and hugged the rich man in the lustrous attire.

“Malin, my son. You’re back!” Mande broke her tears happily and relieved. “Why didn’t you send me a message? I miss you, my child”. Unexpectedly, Malin jolted and pushed Mande away from him. His wife also looked down on Mande without any respect. Malin’s wife spat and shouted at Malin and Mande, “Is this rumpled old woman your mother? Why would you lie to me, Malin? You said that your mother is also a noblewoman like me?”

Hearing that, Malin became furious and pushed his mother to fall to the sand, “You mad woman! I am not your son!” he snapped at his mother. Mande Rubayah sunk in disbelief and hugged Malin’s feet. “Malin, oh Malin! I’ve been waiting for you this long. Why would you do this to me, your mother?” Full of anger, Malin kicked his mother away, “You are not my mother. You are ugly, poor, and dirty,” yelled Malin.

Mande cried brokenhearted. She felt weak, sad, and desperate while Malin and his wife turned their backs and walked away to their ship. The ship sailed away and the crowds left Mande alone by the shore. Mande cried and prayed, “Oh, God. If he was not my son, I will forgive his actions. But if he is Malin Kundang, I ask you for your righteousness!”

Immediately, the sky turned dark and the wind blew violently. The rain fell upon the earth with a destructive storm. The storm shook Malin’s ship, furious thunders hit the ship unforgivingly and blazed it into pieces.

Resolution

The next morning, shipwrecks shored near the village with a kneeling man-shaped stone between the debris. This stone was believed to be the cursed form of Malin Kundang, kneeling for forgiveness from his mother until today.

Reorientation

That is the story of Malin Kundang from West Sumatra, with an important message for us all. Love your parents unconditionally, in any condition. Never forget their good deeds for us.

Adverb of Time in Narrative Text

The use of adverbs of time is one of the characteristics of narrative text. Adverb of time is used to explain when the story happened, for how long, and how often. By using the adverb of time, readers can easily understand the time setting in a story.

Penggunaan adverb of time merupakan salah satu ciri narrative text. Adverb of time digunakan untuk menjelaskan kapan cerita itu terjadi, untuk berapa lama, dan seberapa sering. Dengan menggunakan adverb of time pembaca dapat lebih mudah memahami setting waktu dalam sebuah cerita.

When:

• I saw Mary yesterday.
• She was born in 1978.
• I will see you later.
• There was a storm during the night.

How long:

• We waited all day.
• They have lived here since 2004.
• We will be on holiday from 1 July until 3 August.

How often (frequency):

• They usually watched television in the evening.
• We sometimes went to work by car.

Usai menyimak pemaparan diatas, kini kamu makin mahir menguasai seputar teks narasi Malin Kundang. Penasaran, kan untuk mengetahui seberapa jauh pemahaman materi yang kamu miliki? Yuk kerjakan TEMU (Tes Kemampuan Kamu) di Kelas BESTIE , ya!

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