Pengertian dan Tujuan Teks Narasi

Pengertian Teks Narasi

Narrative text is a text that connects a series of events in chronological order and contains a fictional story.

Teks Narrative adalah teks yang menghubungkan rangkaian kejadian sesuai urutan waktu dan berisi tentang cerita fiksi.

Tujuan Teks Narasi

The purpose of narrative text is to entertain the reader and tell a story that happened in the past. There are several types of narrative texts, including: legend, fairy tale, fable, a journey or a voyage, folk tales. However, in this discussion we focus on legend stories.

Tujuan teks Narrative adalah untuk menghibur pembaca dan menceritakan kisah yang terjadi di masa lampau. Ada beberapa jenis teks Narrative antara lain: legend, fairy tale, fable, a journey or a voyage, folk tales. Namun, pada pembahasan ini difokuskan pada cerita legenda.

Struktur Teks Narasi

Text Structure

1. Orientation
Orientation is the opening paragraph of the text that introduces the characters involved in the incident (who) and the time (when) and place (where). This orientation is located in the first paragraph of narrative text.

2. Complication
Complication consists of paragraphs that explain the beginning of the problem. The beginning of this problem also begins a sequence of plots (storylines) that will lead to the story’s conflict, climax, and anti climax.

There are 3 types of conflict that may occur in the complication, namely natural conflict, social conflict, and psychological conflict.

As the name implies, natural conflict is a problem between actors and nature, social conflict is a problem between characters, while psychological conflict is a problem between the character and himself.

3. Resolution
In this section, there is a settlement that makes the storyline end. Every problem that arises must have a solution, it can be closed with a happy ending or tragic or sad ending.

4. Reorientation (Optional)
Reorientation is a closing sentence that tells the last condition of the character in the story or the moral message of the story. This section is optional.

Struktur teks

1. Orientation
Orientation adalah paragraf pembuka teks yang memperkenalkan karakter yang terlibat dalam kejadian (who), waktu (when), dan tempat (where). Orientation ini terletak pada paragraf pertama teks naratif.

2. Complication
Complication terdiri dari paragraf yang menjelaskan awal dari masalah. Awal dari masalah ini juga dimulai dengan urutan plot (storylines) yang akan mengarah pada konflik cerita, klimaks, dan anti-klimaks.

Ada 3 jenis konflik yang mungkin terjadi dalam komplikasi, yaitu natural conflict, social conflict, and psychological conflict.

Sesuai dengan namanya, natural conflict adalah masalah antara aktor dan alam, social conflict adalah masalah antar karakter, sedangkan psychological conflict adalah masalah antara karakter dan dirinya sendiri.

3. Resolution
Pada bagian ini terdapat penyelesaian yang membuat jalan cerita berakhir. Setiap masalah yang muncul pasti ada solusinya, bisa ditutup dengan menyenangkan (happy ending) atau menyedihkan (sad ending).

4. Reorientation (Optional)
Reorientasi adalah kalimat penutup yang menceritakan kondisi terakhir tokoh dalam cerita atau pesan moral dari cerita tersebut. Bagian ini opsional.

Unsur Kebahasaan Teks Narasi

Language features

● Simple Past tense
● Noun phrase
● Time connectives and conjunctions seperti: however, although, later, then.
● Adverbs and adverbial phrases explain the place and time of the incident such as once upon a time, long time ago.
● Action verbs, a verb that describes an action: stood, explained, smashed.
● Saying and thinking verbs show what the character felt/thought/said such as: told, realized, decided

Unsur kebahasaan
● Simple Past tense
● Noun phrase
● Time connectives dan conjunctions seperti: however, although, later, then.
● Adverbs and adverbial phrases menerangkan tempat dan waktu kejadian seperti once upon a time, long time ago.
● Action verbs (kata kerja aksi) menunjukkan satu aksi seperti: stood, explained, smashed.
● Saying and thinking verbs menunjukkan apa yang dirasakan/dipikirkan/dikatakan si karakter seperti: told, realized, decided

Contoh Teks Narasi Issumboshi

Orientation

Long, long ago there lived a sweet old couple. Having no children but desiring one very much, they went to the shrine and prayed, “Please, please let us have a child, no matter how small.” Eventually, a son was born to them. But small indeed was the child – no larger than a grown man’s fingertip. The couple raised the child tenderly, and though he became a bright and well-respected young man, he grew not at all. As a result, he became known as Issun-boshi (issun is a unit measuring about 3 centimeters).

Complication

One day, Issun-boshi told his parents that he wanted to seek his fortune in the city. His parents were worried about their son but, trusting him, they sent him off with a sword made of a sewing needle, a sheath made of straw, and a boat made from a rice bowl with a chopstick for an oar. Issun-boshi walked along until he came upon the river that flowed towards the town. There he set his rice bowl in the water and paddled with the chopstick for days on end, until at last he reached the town.

Issun-boshi walked about town until he found himself in front of the stately mansion of the lord. At the gate he announced, “I have come to the city to work and train. I beg of you to make me a servant.” But he was so tiny that the guard did not notice him. “I’m here, I’m here,” Issun-boshi shouted. Finally the guard spotted him and lifted him up from the shadow of his geta (Japanese sandals).

Issun-boshi was granted permission to see the lord and, in the palm of the lord’s hand, he knelt, bowed, and pledged his loyalty. The lord took an instant liking to Issun-boshi and made him a retainer. Everyone in the mansion soon came to like the intelligent, charming Issun-boshi, but none more so than the lord’s daughter. Before long, he became her personal attendant.

One afternoon the princess took Issun-boshi along and went to pay her respects at the Kiyomizu temple. Along the way, two ogres suddenly jumped out onto the road and blocked their path. Issun-boshi unsheathed his sword and instantly threw himself upon their attackers. But then suddenly one of the ogres swallowed him up in one gulp. In retort, he stabbed at the insides of its stomach. The ogre was so overcome with pain that it threw Issun-boshi up out of its stomach. Issun-boshi immediately jumped up on the other ogre’s eyebrow and stabbed at its eye. Defeated, the ogres fled away crying, and in the process, one of them dropped its magic hammer.

The princess picked up the hammer and said, “If you wave this, anything you ask for – money or rice – will be yours.” Issun-boshi replied, “I want neither money nor rice. All I want is to become full-sized.” The princess nodded, then waved the hammer, singing, “Growww, growww.”

Resolution

In an instant, Issun-boshi became a full-grown, handsome warrior. He married the princess and, together with his parents, they lived happily ever after.

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