Teks Biografi Cut Nyak Dhien | Bahasa Inggris Kelas 10
Cut Nyak Dhien adalah salah satu tokoh perempuan hebat Indonesia yang pantang menyerah dalam perjuangannya melawan penjajah. Simak contoh teks biografi Cut Nyak Dhien: structure (orientation, events, reorientation), language features, characteristics of biography text, serta penjabaran seputar adverbial clause to adverbial phrase.
Biography Text: Structure and Grammar
Biography is a text that tells the life journey of a character. The story covers the problems that the characters have faced and the strengths of the characters that inspire them.
Teks biografi merupakan sebuah teks yang menceritakan perjalanan hidup seorang tokoh. Kisahnya mencakup permasalahan yang pernah dihadapi tokoh dan maupun kelebihan-kelebihan tokoh yang menginspirasi.
Text Structure
Text Structure
● Orientation – This section includes an introduction to the characters and the background of the story or event that will be told in the next section.
● Events – A series of events experienced by the character, ordered in a chronological sequence.
● Reorientation (optional) – A summary or personal comment about the event or what happened in the end. It is optional
Struktur Teks
● Orientation – Bagian ini mencakup pengenalan tokoh dan latar belakang kisah atau peristiwa yang akan diceritakan pada bagia selanjutnya.
● Events – Serangkaian peristiwa yang dialami oleh tokoh, diurutkan dalam urutan kronologis.
● Reorientation (opsional) – Rangkuman atau komentar pribadi tentang peristiwa atau apa yang terjadi pada akhirnya.
Language Features
Language Features
● Using simple past tense
● Using the third person pronouns ‘he’, ‘she’, or ‘they’
● Using action verbs to describe events experienced by characters or actions taken by characters
● Using passive verbs to describe events experienced by characters
● Using conjunction
● Using adverb of time and adverb of place
● Using adjectives to describe character traits, such as genius, diligent, and tenacious
Unsur kebahasaan
● Menggunakan simple past tense
● Menggunakan kata ganti orang ketiga ‘dia’, ‘dia’, atau ‘mereka’
● Menggunakan kata kerja tindakan untuk menggambarkan peristiwa yang dialami oleh karakter atau tindakan yang dilakukan oleh karakter
● Menggunakan kata kerja pasif untuk menggambarkan peristiwa yang dialami oleh karakter
● Menggunakan konjungsi
● Menggunakan adverb of time dan adverb of place
● Menggunakan kata sifat untuk menggambarkan sifat-sifat karakter, seperti jenius, rajin, dan ulet
Characteristics of Biography Text
Characteristics of Biography Text
● Contains facts based on the life experiences of the characters
● Tells important events experienced by the character so that it can be used as an example for readers
Ciri-ciri teks biografi
● Berisikan fakta yang didasarkan pada pengalaman hidup tokoh
● Menceritakan peristiwa penting yang dialami sang tokoh sehingga dapat dijadikan teladan bagi pembaca
Vocabulary related to National Hero
| Remembrance (n) | peringatan |
| Guerrilla (n) | gerilya |
| Surrender (v) | menyerah |
| Weaponry (n) | persenjataan |
| Troop (n) | prajurit |
| Anger (v) | Membuat marah |
| Invade (v) | menyerbu |
| Exiled (v) | diasingkan |
| Resistance (n) | perlawanan |
| Resist (v) | melawan |
| Betrayed (v) | dikhianati |
| Captured (v) | ditangkap |
| Ambush (v) | Ambush (v) |
| Fearless (adj) | Tak kenal takut |
| Revenge (n) | Pembalasan dendam |
Contoh Teks Biografi Cut Nyak Dhien
Orientation
Cut Nyak Dhien (1848-1908) was a guerrilla leader from Aceh (Indonesia) who fought against the Dutch for 25 years. She was born into an Islamic aristocratic family in Aceh Besar in 1848 in the VI mukim district and grew up in an uncolonised area.
Events
During the Second Aceh Expedition in 1878 the Dutch invaded VI Mukim and the Sultan’s Palace. Reportedly Cut Nyak Dhien and others were evacuated to a safer location. Meanwhile her husband Teuku Ibrahim Lamnga fought to reclaim VI Mukim, dying in action. Upon hearing this, Dhien swore revenge against the Dutch.
In 1880, Cut Nyak Dhien married Acehnese hero Teuku Umar, who allowed her to continue fighting. The Acehnese declared a Holy War, using traps and ambushes to attack the Dutch. Undersupplied, Teuku Umar and 250 of his men surrendered to the Dutch in 1893.The Dutch army welcomed him and appointed him as a commander, giving him the title of Teuku Umar Johan Pahlawan. However, Teuku Umar secretly planned to betray the Dutch. Two years later Teuku Umar set out to assault Aceh, but he instead deserted with his troops taking with them heavy equipment, weapons, and ammunition, using these supplies to help the Acehnese. This is recorded in Dutch history as “Het verraad van Teukoe Oemar” (the treason of Teuku Umar).
Teuku Umar and Cut Nyak Dhien continued the battle with their new equipment until the Dutch sent the Marechaussée. In a surprise attack Teuku Umar was killed. Reportedly, Dhien had said that Achenese should not weep for those who had become martyrs. Dhien continued to resist with her small army until its destruction in 1901. Caught by surprise, Dhien was captured, while her daughter Cut Gambang escaped and continued the resistance.
Reorientation
Dhien was exiled to Sumedang, West Java, because the Dutch feared she would mobilise the resistance in Aceh. In 1964 she was posthumously awarded the title of National Hero of Indonesia by the Indonesian government.
Adverbial Clause to Adverbial Phrase
Do you know that we can reduce adverbial clause to adverbial phrase? Check this out:
“While Raisa was walking to class, she found 50.000 rupiah on the sidewalk.“
In this sentence while Raisa was walking to class is the adverb clause. It shows the relationship between Raisa’s walking and when she found the 50.000 rupiah —she discovered the money on her way to class.
There is a shorter way to express this information! You can reduce the adverb clause to a modifying adverbial phrase and still convey the same meaning, like this:
“While walking to class, Raisa found 50.000 rupiah on the sidewalk.“
The adverb clause while Raisa was walking to class is shortened and becomes while walking to class, a modifying adverbial phrase. A modifying adverbial phrase describes the subject of the main clause.
The rules for changing adverb clauses to modifying adverbial phrases:
1. The subjects of both the adverb clause and main clause must be the same.
2. Omit the subject of the adverb phrase and change the verb to –ing (present participle).
3. If there is a be form of the verb in the adverb clause, omit the subject and omit the be verb, use only the –ing (present participle).
Using modifying adverbial phrases in a sentence is a great method to convey your message succinctly—fewer words with the same meaning!
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