Pernahkah kamu menjadi orang pertama, atau orang kedua, hingga orang ketiga yang menyampaikan kalimat atau sebuah penuturan? Nah, diantara kalimat yang pernah kamu tuturkan itu bisa disebut ‘tuturan langsung dan tuturan tidak langsung’. Nah, rangkuman materi reported speech yang akan kita pelajari kali ini merupakan salah satu bagian yang berkaitan dengan kalimat tuturan yang pernah kamu ungkapkan tersebut. Simak juga rumus serta contohnya dibawah ini!

Pengertian Reported Speech

Reported speech is when we tell someone what another person said. To do this, we can use direct speech or indirect speech (britishcouncil). (Reported speech adalah ketika kita memberitahu seseorang apa yang orang lain katakan. Reported speech terdiri dari direct speech (kalimat langsung) dan indirect speech (kalimat tidak langsung). Direct speech atau kalimat langsung menggunakan tanda kutip karena kalimat yang ditulis sama dengan apa yang diucapkan. indirect speech tidak menggunakan tanda kutip dan mengalami perubahan). Contoh:

★ Direct speech : My sister said, “I am reading.”
★ Indirect Speech : She said that she was reading.

Rumus dan Contoh Perubahan Direct ke Indirect

There are five changes while changing direct speech in to indirect speech. (Ada lima perubahan saat mengubah ucapan langsung menjadi ucapan tidak langsung):

Change in Tenses

Direct Speech	Indirect Speech
Simple present ● S + is/am/are + n/adj/adverb ● S + V1/V1+s + O/C	Simple past ● S + was/were + n/adj/adverb ● S + V2 + O/C
Present continuous ● S + is/am/are + V1+ing + O/C	Past continuous ● S + was/were + V1+ing + O/C
Present perfect ● S + has/have + been + n/adj/adverb ● S + has/have+V3+ O/C	Past perfect ● S + had + been + n/adj/adverb ● S + had+V3+ O/C
Present perfect continuous ● S + has/have + been + V1+ing	Past perfect continuous ● S + has/have + been + V1+ing
Simple Past ● S + was/were + n/adj/adverb ● S + V2 + O/C	Past perfect ● S + had + been + n/adj/adverb ● S + had+V3+ O/C
Past continuous ● S + was/were + V1+ing + O/C	Past perfect continuous ● S + had + been + V1+ing
Past perfect ● S + had + been + n/adj/adverb ● S + had+V3+ O/C	Past perfect ● S + had + been + n/adj/adverb ● S + had+V3+ O/C
Simple Future ● S + will + be + n/adj/adverb ● S + will+V1+ O/C	Past future ● S + would + be + n/adj/adverb ● S + would+V1+ O/C
Future continuous S + will + be + V1 + ing + O/C	Past Future continuous S + would + be + V1 + ing + O/C

Note:
S = Subject (Pelaku)
V = Verb (kata kerja)
O = Object (object)
C = Complement (Keterangan)
adj = adjective (kata sifat)
n = noun (kata benda)
adverb = kata keterangan

Contoh:

Change in Pronoun

Direct	Indirect
I	She/He
We	They
You	I/ She/He/We/They
They	They
She	She
He	He
It	It
First person pronoun	Third person pronoun
Third person pronoun in direct speech	Third person pronoun in direct speech

Contoh:

Change in Time Maker

Direct Speech	Indirect Speech
Today	That day
yesterday	The day before
Tomorrow	The next/following day
The day after tomorrow	In two days time/ two days later
Next week/month/year	The following week/month/year
Last week/month/year	The previous/week/month/year
Ago	Before
this (for time)- this morning	That morning

Contoh:

Change in Demonstrative Pronoun

Direct Speech	Indirect Speech
This	That
These	Those
That	The
Those	The
Here	There

Change in Modal

Direct	Indirect
Will	Will
Can	Could
May	Might
Must	Had to (or must)
Would	Would
Could	Could
Might	Might
Had to	Had to

Usai menyimak pemaparan diatas, kini kamu makin mahir menguasai seputar contoh reported speech lengkap rumus direct indirect.

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